Dash (originally named XCoin and Darkcoin) is an open source peer-to-peer cryptocurrency that features instant transfers while ensuring that they remain private. The decentralized management and financing of the company is in charge of the DAO organization. Unlike Bitcoin, where groin tasks in the network are performed by miners, Dash uses a two-layer network for its operations. While certain network functions, such as creating new blocks, are the responsibility of the miners, the second level of the network consists of a "master node" that enables the PrivateSend and InstantSend functions. Masternodes require possession of a thousand Dash coin, which serves as a hedge against sybil attacks. (Sybil attack is a type of attack in which the affected system is disrupted by creating false identities within a peer-to-peer network).